Sign in to study

Reviews, practice drills, mock tests and progress tracking are free with a Google account. Sign in to start, and your progress is saved on every device.

N5 · G83 Reasons and contrast

〜ので

Because ~ / Since ~

〜ので means "because" or "since". It gives a reason in a soft, polite way, and is common when explaining, asking for something or apologising.

How to make it

RuleExample
Verb plain form + ので
い-adjective + ので
Noun + なので
な-adjective + なので

Meaning and examples

  1. 1. Giving a reason

    The reason comes first, then ので, then the result. It sounds objective and calm.

    • ame ga futte iru node, takushii de ikimasu.

      Since it's raining, I'll go by taxi.

    • ashita wa tesuto na node, kyou wa uchi de benkyou shimasu.

      I have a test tomorrow, so I'll study at home today.

    • kono mise wa yasui node, itsumo hito ga ooi desu.

      This shop is cheap, so it's always crowded.

    • kono kouen wa shizuka na node, suki desu.

      I like this park because it's quiet.

  2. 2. Explaining politely

    ので is softer than から, so it is good for excuses, apologies and requests.

    • atama ga itai node, kyou wa yasumimasu.

      I have a headache, so I'll take today off.

    • densha ga okureta node, chikoku shimashita.

      The train was late, so I was late.

    • yoku wakaranai node, mou ichido itte kudasai.

      I don't quite understand, so please say it again.

Nuance

ので sounds softer and more polite than から, so it is a good choice with teachers, at work and when apologising. Remember nouns and な-adjectives need な before ので (休みなので), but い-adjectives and verbs don't. For strong personal opinions, orders or invitations, から is more natural.

Compared with

から is more direct and personal. ので sounds softer and more objective, so it is preferred for polite explanations.

んです explains a situation at the end of a sentence. ので connects a reason to a result inside one sentence.

The て-form can also show a loose reason, but ので states the cause more clearly.

Common mistakes

Wrong

Right

Nouns take なので, not だので.

Wrong

Right

い-adjectives connect to ので directly, without な.

Practice

JLPT style: choose the best answer for ( ).

FAQ

What is the difference between ので and から?

Both mean because. ので is softer and sounds more polite and objective, so it suits explanations and apologies. から is more direct and is natural for personal opinions and commands.

Can I use ので with friends?

Yes. ので is not only formal; it simply sounds gentle. In casual speech you will often hear the shorter form んで, for example 雨なんで.

More in Reasons and contrast

Spotted a mistake? Report it.

More