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N5 · G09 Sentence basics

〜でしょう

Probably ~ / I suppose ~

でしょう means 'probably' or 'I suppose'. You add it to the end of a sentence to make a guess, as in weather forecasts, or with rising intonation to check something with the listener.

How to make it

RuleExample
Verb plain form + でしょう
い-adjective + でしょう
Noun / な-adjective + でしょう (no だ)
Plain past + でしょう for a guess about the past

Meaning and examples

  1. 1. Guessing or predicting

    Use でしょう when you think something is likely but you are not sure. Weather forecasts use it all the time.

    • ashita wa ame deshou.

      It will probably rain tomorrow.

    • gogo wa ame ga furu deshou.

      It will probably rain in the afternoon.

    • kinoshita san wa mou sugu kuru deshou.

      Ms Kinoshita will probably come soon.

    • ano mise wa takai deshou.

      That shop is probably expensive.

    • kono tesuto wa kantan deshou.

      This test is probably easy.

    • sensei wa mou gakkou o deta deshou.

      The teacher has probably already left school.

  2. 2. Checking with the listener

    Said with a rising tone, でしょう? means '..., right?' when you expect the listener to agree.

    • ashita no paatii, kuru deshou?

      You're coming to the party tomorrow, right?

    • kono keeki, oishii deshou?

      This cake is good, isn't it?

Nuance

でしょう is the polite form; the casual form is だろう, and in casual checking people often say でしょ? Don't use でしょう for your own plans: say 行きます, not 行くでしょう. Never put だ or ます before it: 雨でしょう, ふるでしょう.

Compared with

だろう is the plain form of でしょう. It is common in writing and in men's casual speech; でしょう is the polite one.

と思います clearly gives your own opinion. でしょう sounds more like a general prediction, like a forecast.

ね checks something you both already see or know. でしょう? checks something you assume, a little more strongly.

Common mistakes

Wrong

Right

Nouns and な-adjectives go straight before でしょう with no だ.

Wrong

Right

な-adjectives drop な before でしょう.

Wrong

Right

You don't guess about your own plans; just state them with ます.

Practice

JLPT style: choose the best answer for ( ).

FAQ

What is the difference between でしょう and だろう?

They mean the same thing. でしょう is polite and used in most conversation and forecasts. だろう is plain and appears in writing or casual speech, mostly from men.

Is でしょう the same as と思います?

Both show you are not certain. と思います puts your own opinion forward, while でしょう sounds more like a general prediction. With your own thinking, と思います is often more natural.

Can I use でしょう about myself?

Not for your own plans or actions; you know those, so use ます. You can use でしょう for things outside your control, like the weather or other people.

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