Sign in to study

Reviews, practice drills, mock tests and progress tracking are free with a Google account. Sign in to start, and your progress is saved on every device.

N5 · G06 Sentence basics

〜じゃないです/〜ではありません

Is not ~ (negative)

じゃないです and ではありません make the negative of a noun or な-adjective sentence: "is not ~". Use them to say what something or someone is not.

How to make it

RuleExample
Noun + じゃないです/ではありません
な-adjective (no な) + じゃないです/ではありません
Casual: Noun/な-adjective + じゃない

Meaning and examples

  1. 1. Saying something is not a certain thing

    Put じゃないです or ではありません after a noun to deny what it is: "I am not a student", "Today is not a holiday".

    • watashi wa gakusei ja nai desu.

      I am not a student.

    • kyou wa yasumi ja nai desu.

      Today is not a day off.

    • ano hito wa sensei ja nai desu. tomodachi desu.

      That person isn't a teacher. They're a friend.

  2. 2. Negative of な-adjectives

    な-adjectives work like nouns, so they also take じゃないです or ではありません. The な drops before it.

    • kono mise wa shizuka ja nai desu.

      This shop isn't quiet.

    • yamada san wa tenisu ga jouzu de wa arimasen.

      Mr Yamada is not good at tennis.

  3. 3. Choosing the right politeness level

    ではありません is the most formal, じゃないです is polite everyday speech, and じゃない is casual for friends and family.

    • chichi wa nihonjin de wa arimasen.

      My father is not Japanese.

    • kore wa watashi no kasa de wa arimasen.

      This is not my umbrella.

    • kono heya wa kirei ja nai.

      This room isn't clean. (casual)

Nuance

じゃ is a spoken short form of では, so じゃないです and じゃありません are for conversation, while ではありません suits writing and formal speech. This pattern is only for nouns and な-adjectives: い-adjectives make their negative with くない (高くないです). Note that きれい is a な-adjective, so it is きれいじゃないです, not きれくないです.

Compared with

AはBです is the positive statement "A is B"; じゃないです/ではありません is its negative.

い-adjectives do not use じゃない. Change the final い to くない instead: 高い → 高くないです.

Common mistakes

Wrong

Right

高い is an い-adjective, so its negative is くない, not じゃない.

Wrong

Right

A noun needs じゃ or では before ない.

Wrong

Right

The な of a な-adjective drops before じゃないです.

Practice

JLPT style: choose the best answer for ( ).

FAQ

What is the difference between じゃないです and ではありません?

They mean the same thing. ではありません is more formal and common in writing; じゃないです (and じゃありません) are the natural choice in polite conversation.

Can I use じゃないです with い-adjectives?

No. い-adjectives change い to くない: おいしい → おいしくないです. じゃないです is only for nouns and な-adjectives.

How do I say "was not"?

Use じゃなかったです or ではありませんでした: きのうは休みじゃなかったです (Yesterday was not a day off).

More in Sentence basics

Spotted a mistake? Report it.

More