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N5 · G54 Requests, permission and rules

〜てもいいですか

May I ~?

Verb て-form + もいいですか politely asks "May I ~?". Without か, 〜てもいいです gives permission: "You may ~".

How to make it

RuleExample
Verb て-form + もいいですか
Giving permission: て-form + もいいです
Casual: て-form + もいい?

Meaning and examples

  1. 1. Asking for permission

    Use 〜てもいいですか when you want to do something and ask if it is OK.

    • haitte mo ii desu ka.

      May I come in?

    • koko ni suwatte mo ii desu ka.

      May I sit here?

    • mado o akete mo ii desu ka.

      May I open the window?

    • kono pen o karite mo ii desu ka.

      May I borrow this pen?

  2. 2. Giving permission

    〜てもいいです tells someone they are allowed to do something.

    • tesuto ga owatta hito wa, soto ni dete mo ii desu.

      Those who have finished the test may go outside.

    • enpitsu de kaite mo ii desu.

      You may write in pencil.

  3. 3. Casual permission with friends

    Among friends and family, drop ですか and use a rising tone: 〜てもいい?

    • kono keeki, tabete mo ii? un, ii yo.

      "Can I eat this cake?" "Yeah, sure."

Nuance

To say yes, reply はい、いいですよ or はい、どうぞ. To say no politely, use すみません、ちょっと… rather than a flat いいえ; 〜てはいけません is a strong "no" used for rules. In casual speech も is often dropped: 見ていい?

Compared with

〜てはいけません forbids an action ("must not"). 〜てもいいです allows it.

〜なくてもいいです means "you don't have to". 〜てもいいです means "you may".

Common mistakes

Wrong

Right

The て-form of 入る is 入って; make the て-form correctly before もいい.

Wrong

Right

もいい must follow the て-form, not the dictionary form.

Wrong

Right

いい is an い-adjective, so いいでしたか is not a correct form; to ask about now, use いいですか.

Practice

JLPT style: choose the best answer for ( ).

FAQ

How do I answer 〜てもいいですか?

For yes, say はい、いいですよ or はい、どうぞ. For no, a soft すみません、ちょっと… is most natural; 〜てはいけません sounds like a rule.

What is the casual version?

Use て-form + もいい? with a rising tone, or just て-form + いい? For example 見てもいい? or 見ていい?

What is the difference between てもいい and てはいけない?

They are opposites. てもいい gives permission ("you may"), and てはいけない forbids ("you must not").

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