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N5 · G40 Verb forms

〜て form + います (occupation/state)

Currently does ~ (ongoing state or job)

Some verbs in the ています form describe a lasting situation rather than an action happening now: where you work, where you live, being married, owning something, or what you are wearing.

How to make it

RuleExample
Workplace + に + つとめています
Workplace + で + はたらいています
Place + に + すんでいます
Verb て-form + います (state)

Meaning and examples

  1. 1. Your job

    つとめています, はたらいています and おしえています describe the work someone does as a regular situation.

    • chichi wa ginkou ni tsutomete imasu.

      My father works for a bank.

    • watashi wa toukyou no kaisha de hataraite imasu.

      I work at a company in Tokyo.

    • haha wa shougakkou de nihongo o oshiete imasu.

      My mother teaches Japanese at a primary school.

  2. 2. Where you live

    すんでいます says where someone lives now.

    • doko ni sunde imasu ka.

      Where do you live?

    • haha to futari de apaato ni sunde imasu.

      I live in a flat with my mother, just the two of us.

  3. 3. Personal situation

    けっこんしています, もっています and しっています describe a state that started in the past and continues.

    • sensei wa kekkon shite imasu.

      The teacher is married.

    • kuruma o motte imasu ka.

      Do you have a car?

  4. 4. What someone is wearing

    きています, はいています and かけています describe clothes or glasses someone has on.

    • ano shiroi shatsu o kite iru hito wa dare desu ka.

      Who is that person wearing the white shirt?

Nuance

With these verbs, the dictionary or ます form means something different: けっこんします means "will get married" and すみます means "will live". Watch the particles: すむ and つとめる take に, while はたらく takes で. To simply say your job title, 〜です is also fine (わたしは先生です).

Compared with

That page covers ている in general, including actions happening right now. This page focuses on long-term states.

はたらく takes で because it is an action done at a place; すむ and つとめる take に instead.

に marks the place you live in or the company you belong to: とうきょうにすんでいます.

Common mistakes

Wrong

Right

すむ takes に for the place you live.

Wrong

Right

A state that started in the past and continues uses ています; けっこんします means you will get married.

Wrong

Right

つとめる takes に; it is はたらく that takes で.

Practice

JLPT style: choose the best answer for ( ).

FAQ

Why do Japanese people say つとめています for their job?

Working at a company is an ongoing situation, so it takes the ています form. つとめます on its own would sound like a future plan.

What is the difference between けっこんしています and けっこんしました?

けっこんしています means you are married now. けっこんしました focuses on the event: you got married at some point, for example last year.

Is it すむ に or すむ で?

It is に: とうきょうにすんでいます. で is a common mistake because English uses "in", but すむ marks the place with に.

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